Diabetes: From research to clinic

Abstract

The number of people with diabetes, the number of deaths caused by diabetes, and the cost of treating diabetes and its complications are increasing exponentially. 

Centuries of research have discovered insulin and other drugs based on pathophysiology. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and inhibitors of sodium-glucose transport protein 2 (SGLT2) are novel agents that improve cardiovascular outcomes and provide renal protection and are increasingly used. I'm here. For evidence-based treatment of type 2 diabetes. 

Bariatric surgery provides excellent weight and metabolic control, and often even diabetes remission, if desired. Technological advances such as flash glucose monitoring, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) have improved glycemic control, reduced episodes of severe hypoglycemia, and improved quality of life .

Intravitreal injections of several anti-VEGF agents have been used to treat diabetic macular edema. Many people in middle- and low-income countries cannot afford diabetes treatment. 

Agencies such as the World Health Organization, World Bank and International Monetary Fund need to develop plans to persuade politicians to invest more in improving diabetes care facilities.

Keywords: anti-VEGF; cardiovascular outcomes; diabetes and GLP-1 receptor agonists; diabetes and SGLT2 inhibitors; diabetic ketoacidosis; diabetic macular edema; Comma; Hypoglycemia; Renal Protection; Type 1 Diabetes; Type 2 Diabetes.